Biretta
St. Michael's Museum & Genealogical Centre
Tous droits réservés.
| Nom de l'objet : | Biretta |
| Catégorie de l'objet : | Personal Artifacts |
| Sous-catégorie de l'objet : | Headware |
| Discipline : | Clothing |
| Matériaux : | paper, cardboard fabric, woven polyester fabric, silk fabric, rayon cord fabric, leatherette |
| Technique de fabrication : | cut, machine upholstered, machine sewn, machine sewn, hand trimmed, hand |
| Numéro d'accession : | SM 1978.163 |
| Nom de la collection : | Clergy |
| Description : | Biretta is brimless and has a square base. Three semicircular wings are formed at top of cap by folding and hand/machine stitching covered cardboard. Exterior is covered in black woven polyester fabric. Corner edges and wings are trimmed in black cording. Trim extends to center of biretta on wingless corner. A black pompom made of silk yarn is attached to top center by hand stitching. Interior is lined in red silk fabric and folded in four triangular shapes meeting in center to form a square shape for top of biretta. A 2.5 centimeter strip of brown leatherette is machine sewn to inner edge at base of cap and folded in to form a hem and to protect interior from soiling. |
| Commentaires : | The biretta is a square-like cap used by Clergy. It was mandatory in the Roman Catholic Church for Secular Clergy and certain Religious. It is a square cap with three peaks or ridges, which may be folded. Attached to the top in center is a pompom of the color of the biretta. It is worn so that the corner without a peak is over the left ear. In putting on or taking off the biretta, the right hand grasps the middle peak . The three ridges or wings symbolize the Trinity, while the pom pom symbolizes the Unity of Persons - One God. One would believe that this biretta was made in North America as most of these did not fold, whereas, the European made birettas were made to fold. James McDool Hill was born on October 12, 1899 in Bayside, Bay du Vin, Northumberland County, New Brunswick, the son of James Sylvanus Hill and Margaret Paris Fitzpatrick. He was one of ten children in his family. He was baptized by the Reverend Edmond Pattenaude in Saint Margaret's Catholic Church at St. Margarets, New Brunswick on October 28, 1899, his godparents being John and Mary Flanagan. James McDool Hill was ordained both sub-deacon and deacon on December 1, 1922 at the Grand Seminaire de Quebec, in Quebec City. He was ordained to the priesthood on January 24, 1923 by the Right Reverend Patrice Alexandre Chiassion, third and last bishop of Chatham, first bishop of Bathurst, at St. Michael the Archangel Cathedral in Chatham, New Brunswick. His holiness Pope Pius XII named James McDool Hill as bishop of the DIocese of Victoria, British Columbia on June 28, 1946 and he was consecrated Bishop at 10:00 a.m. on Thursday, July 25, 1946 at Saint Michael the Archangel Cathedral in Chatham, New Brunswick by His Eminence, Ildebrando Cardinal Antoniutti, apostolic delegate to Canada and Newfoundland and Archbishop of Synnada. His Eminence, Cardinal Antoniutti, officiated at the consecration of James M. Hill with the kind assistance of the Most Reverend Camille Andre LeBlanc, D.D., Bishop of Bathurst, and the Most Reverend John R. MacDonald, D.D. Coadjutor Bishop of Antigonish, Nova Scotia, serving as co-consecrators. The Most Reverend Patrick A. Bray, D.D., Bishop of Saint John, delivered the homily. Reverend William John Wallace and Reverend Joseph Vincent Pittman both served as chaplains to James Hill. When the Most Reverend John C. Cody, the bishop of Victoria was appointed as the new Bishop for the Diocese of London in Ontario, the Most Reverend Doctor James McDool Hill was named as his successor in the Diocese of Victoria. Bishop James McDool Hill attended the Chatham Grammar School, Saint Thomas College and the Grand Seminaire de Quebec. Shortly after his ordination to the priesthood on January 24, 1923, Father James M. Hill was appointed as an instructor at Saint Thomas College from 1923 to 1927. Following the death of the Reverend Raymond T. Hawkes on November 3, 1927, James M. Hill was appointed rector or president of Saint Thomas College. He served as rector of Saint Thomas University from 1927 to 1945. He was appointed the first pastor of Saint Thomas Aquinas Catholic Church in Campbellton, New Brunswick on September 8, 1945 until he was named bishop-elect for the diocese of Victoria by Pope Pius XII. He was granted two honorary doctorate degrees, the first in 1937. "Very Reverend James M. Hill, rector of St. Thomas College, was recently honored with a Doctorate of Laws degree at Laval University, Quebec" (Commercial World June 3, 1937). He received his second honorary doctorate of laws degree from Saint Thomas University on May 23, 1960. It was presented to him by the Most Reverend A. B. Leverman, Bishop of Saint John. James McDool Hill died on March 29, 1962 at Victoria, British Columbia at the age of 62. Over 1300 mourners filled Saint Andrew's Roman Catholic Cathedral in Victoria, B.C. for Bishop Hill's funeral including his three living sisters. Victoria City alderman Michael Griffin commented, "Bishop Hill was one of the kindest men I have ever known... His consideration for his fellow man set an example for all of us." A new high school located in Chatham, New Brunswick was named to the memory of Bishop James McDool Hill and was given the name James M. Hill Memorial High School. It opened officially on May 11, 1973. The Honourable J. Lorne McGuigan, Minister of Education for province of New Brunswick cut the ribbon with the assistance of School Board chairperson Mrs. Edward S. Sticklen. The brochure for the formal opening of the school indicates that in 1968, "...four high schools - Nelson High, Chatham High, St. Thomas High and St. Michael's High were consolidated into one school called "District 10 High School". This school was housed in the former St. Thomas High School - St. Thomas University building. This was to be a temporary location as plans were underway to build a large modern complex that was to be called James M. Hill Memorial High School...". James M. Hill Memorial High School has incorporated into its school traditions some of the traditions of the former schools of St. Thomas High and St. Michael's High. The school's colours now are green and gold, and their school teams are called :The Tommies". The colours green and gold had a specific historical significance for the former Catholic schools when they were first founded. Bishop Hill was buried in Ross Bay Cemetery in Victoria, British Columbia. |
| Fonctions : | This biretta belonged to Bishop James M. Hill of Miramichi, New Brunswick. |
| Hauteur : | Jul-14 |
| Largeur : | 15 |
| Unité de mesure linéaire : | cm |
| Nombre d'objets : | 1 |
| Mention de crédit - Image : | For copyright contact St. Michael's Museum. |
| Établissement : | St. Michael's Museum & Genealogical Centre |
| Ville de l'établissement : | Miramichi |
| Province de l'établissement : | New Brunswick |
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