model tepee
| Nom de l'objet : | model tepee |
| Artiste ou artisan : | unknown |
| Numéro de catalogue : | III-B-154 |
| Province d'origine : | unknown |
| Province d'utilisation : | unknown |
| Culture : | Barren Ground Innu |
| Contexte culturel : | matishanitshuap patshuianitshuap tashtuaikanitshuap In the post-contact period, Innu have erected several types of tents as dwellings and for ritual and curative purposes. These include kushapatshikan (shaking tent), matishan (steam tent), patshuianitshuap (canvas, prospector tent), shaputuan (tent with two entrances), tashtuaikanitshuap (tepee, conical tent), natuakaikanitshuap (bell-tent, round tent), and uishkatshanitshuap (flat-topped tent). Today, the patshuianitshuap is used predominately by Labrador and Quebec Innu as a dwelling, although the shaputuan and uishkatshanitshuap are also used on rare occasions. The tashtuaikanitshuap (tepee, conical tent), with its central hearth, was replaced by the patshuianitshuap after WWII. Numerous cobblestone and raised earthen tent rings can be found in many places throughout the northern Innu territory, which point to the use of the earlier structure - Peter Armitage note.Nutshimiu-atusseun presents diagrams of six types of dwelling structures: nipin-shaputuan (summer, two door tent) pipun-shaputuan (winter, two door tent) and natuakaikanitshuap (bell-tent, round tent) - Peter Armitage note.Alika Podolinsky Webber mentions in her fieldnotes that she obtained model tents of various kinds from Innu in the Davis Inlet area (10 March 1961) - Peter Armitage note.Here is what Lucien Turner had to say about the tepee based on his observations at Fort Chimo from 1882 to 1884. The Nenenot live, both in summer and in winter, in deerskin tent...which are constructed in the following manner: A sufficient number of small poles cut from the woods are deprived of their branches and brought to the camp site. A location is selected and the poles are erected in a circle, with tops leaning toward the center so as to form a cone 10 to 14 feet in height, having a diameter at its base of from 10 to 18 feet. The skins forming the cover are those of the reindeer, and those selected for this purpose are usually of an inferior grade. A sufficient number are sewed together to form a strip long enough to reach around the poles when |
| Date de fin de production : | unknown |
| Fonctions : | This one looks like a tent and the shape is pointed at the top. I call it (tshinaskutshuapish) a pointed tent - it had a shape like that. [MacKenzie lists tashtuaikanitshuap as tepee; conical tent] - Pinamen (Rich) KatshinakWe never had innushuap in the past, but the only time we did, we used rags [to cover it] - Uniam Katshinak. [MacKenzie lists innu-mitshuap as Indian dwelling; tent]Innu names for canvas tents (according to Shimun and Manian (Ashini) Michel). shaputuan - a canvas tent with both ends (two doors) uishkatshanitshuap - a canvas tent named after a blue jay [MacKenzie lists uishkatshanitshuap as flat-topped tent] tashtuaikanitshuap/ kaumiukunanitshuap - a tipi [MacKenzie lists tashtuaikanitshuap as teepee; conical tent] shaputuan - this tent with two doors on each end was used for gatherings. Also, there would be 4 or 5 families too, sharing this tent. It was big. The last time I was in one of these tents was when we waited for break up in the country. This was in Minaiku [Menihek Lakes], in the Esker area. Also, it was used for makushan in the spring and in the winter or fall, a caribou makushan was held in this kind of tent. There would be drum dancing in the night. I was a young boy when I was there - Shimun Michel. |
| Publications ou références : | MacKenzie Shoebox dictionary 2003. James W. VanStone. 1985. Material Culture of the Davis Inlet and Barren Ground Naskapi: the William Duncan Strong Collection. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History. Fieldiana, Anthropology New Series No.7. Lucien M. Turner. 1979[1894]. Indians and Eskimos in the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula. Quebec: Presses COMEDITEX. Alika Podolinsky Webber. Canadian Museum of Civilization. Coll. (III-X-42M). Field Notes from N.W.R. and Davis Inlet, Labrador (Naskapi), Summer 1960. B170R f.8. |
| Établissement : |
The Rooms, Provincial Museum
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 Twitter-The Rooms, Provincial Museum
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| Ville de l'établissement : | St. John's |
| Province de l'établissement : | Newfoundland and Labrador |
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