Notice catalographique « Exploring André Biéler's use of the 'Mixed Technique' in Wartime Market »
- Titre
- Exploring André Biéler's use of the 'Mixed Technique' in Wartime Market
- Auteur ou éditeur
- Griffith, Martha
- Queen's University (Kingston, ON)
- Lieu de publication
- Kingston, ON
- Maison d'édition
- Queen's University
- Date de publication
- 2019
- Collation
- viii, 67 pages : illustrations (chiefly colour), charts, tables
- Série
- Queen's Master in Art Conservation
- Résumé
- Set against the backdrop of the second world war, 150 artists and cultural workers from across Canada met in Kingston, Ontario, to discuss art materials and the role of the artist in society. During the 1940s, several Canadian painters experimented with the ‘mixed technique’ including André Biéler, the conference organizer. Biéler was an influential artist in Canada and a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario for 27 years. As such, his artistic technique, use of materials and instructional methods influenced other artists of the period. In collaboration with the Agnes Etherington, this research investigated Biéler’s use of the ‘mixed technique’ in his 1943 painting Wartime Market. Wartime Market was examined by means of technical analysis and archival research to determine if his didactic materials reflected his own painting practice. Technical analysis began with photographic documentation and examination to identify potential coatings and underdrawings. Photographic techniques included normal light photography, ultraviolet examination, infrared reflectography and X-radiography. Further analysis included cross-section analysis to identify the painting’s layer structure, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to identify prominent pigments and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify the binding agents. Next, a partial replica was painted based on Biéler’s didactic materials found in the Queen’s University Archives. Samples from the prepared binder were artificially aged and compared to samples from Wartime Market using FTIR analysis. Analytical results and the results of the painted replicas indicated that Biéler likely used a natural resin and a protein, such as dammar and egg, for his binder. Additionally, Biéler may have used linseed oil in the binder, but results are inconclusive with FTIR. Lastly, cross-section and photographic examination revealed that Biéler applied his paint in a series of layers that he called the ‘indirect method,’ as outlined in his teaching materials.
- Notes
- Thesis (M.A.) -- Queen's University, 2019
- Langue
- English = Anglais
- Sujet
- Paint - Analysis
- Paint - Testing
- Artists' materials - Analysis
- Pigments - Analysis
- Peinture (Produit chimique) - Analyse
- Peinture (Produit chimique) - Essais
- Matériel d'artistes - Analyse
- Pigments - Analyse
- Pays
- Canada
- Type de document
- Monograph = Monographie
- Localisation
- N 8530 G75 2019
- Clé
- 19909
- Collection
- Catalogue