Notice catalographique « Examining effects of ammonium citrate on iron gall ink »
- Titre
- Examining effects of ammonium citrate on iron gall ink
- Auteur ou éditeur
- Greenaway, Sara
- Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.)
- Lieu de publication
- Kingston, Ontario
- Maison d'édition
- Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.)
- Date de publication
- 2016
- Collation
- ix, 82 pages : illustrations (some colour)
- Résumé
- "Ammonium citrate has recently started being used by some conservators on iron gall ink documents although the long-term effect of ammonium citrate on iron gall ink is currently unknown. The goal of this research project was to determine whether ammonium citrate has no effect, acts as a chelator or has a negative effect on iron gall ink. The research project had manufactured, artificially aged samples, and historical document samples. The manufactured samples were composed of drops of iron gall ink on Whatman no. 1 filter paper. An untreated control was compared against alkaline-water-treated samples, 0.5% w/v ammonium-citrate-treated samples, 1.0% w/v ammonium-citrate-treated samples and 2% w/v ammonium-citrate-treated samples. Each percentage of ammonium citrate was applied at both pH 7.5 and pH 8.5. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, pH measurements, bathophenanthroline tests and spectrophotometric measurements were performed on each sample before and after treatment. In general, the pH of the manufactured samples increased slightly while the pH of the Italian historical document samples decreased slightly. No major trends were observed for the French historical document samples. Overall, the majority of the samples tested positive for iron ions before treatment and negative for iron ions after treatment. It is uncertain whether the removed iron ions are soluble acidic compounds, the iron gall ink itself, or both. The removal of these metallic compounds caused many of the samples to darken (a decrease in L*), redden (an increase in a*) and yellow (an increase in b)* in the manufactured samples while no trends were observed in the French and Italian historical document samples. Only a small percentage of samples showed a significant colour change visible to the naked eye in the overall colour difference, E*ab, of iron gall ink which could indicate that ammonium citrate treatments do not destroy the iron gall ink complex. This preliminary research project is only a first step in determining whether ammonium citrate immersions should be used on iron gall ink documents. Further research is required."
- Notes
- Research Report (M.A.) - Queen's University, 2016
- Langue
- English = Anglais
- Sujet
- Printing ink
- Ink - Evaluation
- Ink - Conservation and restoration
- Ink - History
- Encre - Conservation et restauration
- Encre - Histoire
- Encre - Évaluation
- Encre d'imprimerie
- Pays
- Canada
- Type de document
- Monograph = Monographie
- Localisation
- TP 949 G73 2016
- Clé
- 18074
- Collection
- Catalogue